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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you've got bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of an electronic concept kind of like a digital IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a distributed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing via a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It is made and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, for example dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the very first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing strength class which shares several characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto proposed bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment system based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central power, that may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.
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Bitcoin can be utilized to cover things electronically, if both parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This attracts individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin solves the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can easily be replicated and re-used) through an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to others. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) bear the cost.
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept operate in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is filed, the protocol checks all previous transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified by the address of his or her pocket. Transactions can, with some effort, be monitored this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify consumers if necessary.
Furthermore, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their customers before they're permitted to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin usage can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say ok, return the money. If a transaction is listed on the network, and when more than an hour has passed, it is not possible to modify.
While this may disquiet some, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, about one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and how bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can purchase, sell and store your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to how its underlying technology the blockchain functions. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can assist you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you can use it for your gain, which scams to avoid. It will also guide you to resources which will help you shop and use your first parts of digital currency.